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Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field

Received: 29 December 2020     Accepted: 8 January 2021     Published: 22 January 2021
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Abstract

Background and objective: If it becomes possible to reduce the prophylactic radiation field by using a personalized radiation field, radiation therapy of esophageal cancer may become safer. In this study, we examined the relationship between expression levels of biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) and lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Materials and methods: We performed retrospective analysis of 14 patients who underwent radical surgery for esophageal cancer between 2009 and 2011 in Yamagata University Hospital. Stain index was used for assessment of biomarker expression. The relationships of stain index with regional recurrence and distant metastasis were evaluated. Results: All patients had squamous cell carcinoma. The median follow-up duration was 38 months. Distant failure was significantly related to low COX-2 expression in the deep part of the tumor (stain index <2.8; p=0.0479). Pathological node-positive or regional recurrence was significantly related to low VEGF-C expression (stain index <0.3; p=0.0418). Patients with low CD44 expression in the surface of the tumor tended to have better reginal control (stain index <0.3; p=0.0902). Conclusions: COX-2, VEGF-C, and CD44 expression levels might have potential to enable omission of the prophylactic radiation field. Further analysis using biopsy samples is required for application to radical radiotherapy.

Published in International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12
Page(s) 10-16
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This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Esophageal Cancer, CD44 Antigen, Cyclooxygenase 2, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C, Lymphatic Metastasis

References
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    Yasuhito Hagiwara, Kenji Nemoto, Ibuki Ota, Masayoshi Yamada, Osamu Hachiya, et al. (2021). Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field. International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research, 6(1), 10-16. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12

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    ACS Style

    Yasuhito Hagiwara; Kenji Nemoto; Ibuki Ota; Masayoshi Yamada; Osamu Hachiya, et al. Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field. Int. J. Clin. Oncol. Cancer Res. 2021, 6(1), 10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12

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    AMA Style

    Yasuhito Hagiwara, Kenji Nemoto, Ibuki Ota, Masayoshi Yamada, Osamu Hachiya, et al. Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field. Int J Clin Oncol Cancer Res. 2021;6(1):10-16. doi: 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12,
      author = {Yasuhito Hagiwara and Kenji Nemoto and Ibuki Ota and Masayoshi Yamada and Osamu Hachiya and Mitsunori Yamakawa},
      title = {Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field},
      journal = {International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research},
      volume = {6},
      number = {1},
      pages = {10-16},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijcocr.20210601.12},
      abstract = {Background and objective: If it becomes possible to reduce the prophylactic radiation field by using a personalized radiation field, radiation therapy of esophageal cancer may become safer. In this study, we examined the relationship between expression levels of biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) and lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Materials and methods: We performed retrospective analysis of 14 patients who underwent radical surgery for esophageal cancer between 2009 and 2011 in Yamagata University Hospital. Stain index was used for assessment of biomarker expression. The relationships of stain index with regional recurrence and distant metastasis were evaluated. Results: All patients had squamous cell carcinoma. The median follow-up duration was 38 months. Distant failure was significantly related to low COX-2 expression in the deep part of the tumor (stain index Conclusions: COX-2, VEGF-C, and CD44 expression levels might have potential to enable omission of the prophylactic radiation field. Further analysis using biopsy samples is required for application to radical radiotherapy.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Expression of Biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) in Esophageal Cancer: Implication for Prophylactic Radiation Field
    AU  - Yasuhito Hagiwara
    AU  - Kenji Nemoto
    AU  - Ibuki Ota
    AU  - Masayoshi Yamada
    AU  - Osamu Hachiya
    AU  - Mitsunori Yamakawa
    Y1  - 2021/01/22
    PY  - 2021
    N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12
    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12
    T2  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
    JF  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
    JO  - International Journal of Clinical Oncology and Cancer Research
    SP  - 10
    EP  - 16
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2578-9511
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijcocr.20210601.12
    AB  - Background and objective: If it becomes possible to reduce the prophylactic radiation field by using a personalized radiation field, radiation therapy of esophageal cancer may become safer. In this study, we examined the relationship between expression levels of biomarkers (CD44, COX-2, TWIST, VEGF-C and LOX) and lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis. Materials and methods: We performed retrospective analysis of 14 patients who underwent radical surgery for esophageal cancer between 2009 and 2011 in Yamagata University Hospital. Stain index was used for assessment of biomarker expression. The relationships of stain index with regional recurrence and distant metastasis were evaluated. Results: All patients had squamous cell carcinoma. The median follow-up duration was 38 months. Distant failure was significantly related to low COX-2 expression in the deep part of the tumor (stain index Conclusions: COX-2, VEGF-C, and CD44 expression levels might have potential to enable omission of the prophylactic radiation field. Further analysis using biopsy samples is required for application to radical radiotherapy.
    VL  - 6
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

  • Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

  • Department of Radiation Therapy, Iwate Prefectural Central Hospital, Iwate, Japan

  • Department of Radiation Oncology, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

  • Department of Gastroenterological, General, Breast ant Thyroid Surgery, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

  • Department of Pathological Diagnostics, Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan

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